Reasons for the Reformation in England Essay - 1958 Words

Before the reformation the only church that existed was the Roman Catholic Church. The Roman Catholic Church was extremely powerful at the start of the 16th Century. It had many followers covering a large proportion of the world, the area being called Christendom, which was classed as the Catholic community. The Church was the largest employer with large numbers of farm workers, servants and builders. The church ran most of the few schools and hospitals. Some of the pupils from the schools grew up to become monks or priests. The churches taught people how to behave in almost everything they did. Some of their power came from, the amount of money gained from selling indulgences that were claimed to reduce the time in purgatory. Conversely†¦show more content†¦Priests were betting. Priests were handing off beggars outside the door of the Church instead of helping them. Priests were lying. When giving out readings and talking to people during Church services the priests were speaking in Latin. This was very bad as all of the people listening to the priests were English so they couldn’t understand a word. The priests were buying idols of god. â€Å"Martin Luther was a monk from Wittenberg, Germany. He began to criticise the power and corruption of the church in 1517. He demanded a reform of the church immediately.† Williams 2004. The reformation began on 31st October, 1517 in Wittenberg, Saxony. This was the day Martin Luther nailed his Theses to the door of the All Saints’ Church. Martin Luther was a heretic. Heretics are people who are against the Roman Catholic Church. The church door served as the town’s notice board for university related announcements. The Ninety Five Theses was a list of 95 things that criticized the church and the pope. â€Å"One very powerful supported of Luther was the Duke of Saxony. He insisted that the pope should send someone to Germany to answer Luther’s arguments. In 1518 Cardinal Cajetan went to Augsburg to argue with Luther; but this only resulted in Luther growing even more far apart from the Catholic Church.† Yelland, 2004. The Duke of Saxony wanted the Pope to send someone to Germany to address Luther’s arguments. Cardinal Cajetan wasShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Thomas Cromwell And The Christant Reformation1323 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Cromwell and The Protestant Reformation From around 1450 to 1650 is referred to as The Early Modern Period (True, â€Å"The Early Modern Period† slide 2). This point in history is marked with important people, movements, and advancements in technology (True, â€Å"The Early Modern Period†). Some of the most prominent names from this time are Martin Luther, King Henry VII, and John Wycliffe (True, â€Å"The Protestant Reformation†). All of these people played a significant role in the movement referred toRead MoreThe Tudors Effect On The English Church Essay1303 Words   |  6 Pagesas Queen Katherine of England could be put aside for no reason, then any wife could be put aside.† (Gregory, 2002, 276) The Tudor dynasty was a well-known royal family during England in the 1500’s. The best known, and discussed ruler during this time was King Henry the VIII. He is known for his many wives, specifically six, and also his radical reformation of the English Church. King Henry VIII was very concern ed with having a male heir to continue the dynasty. For that reason, he annulled his firstRead MoreThe Tudors Effect On History Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pagesas Queen Katherine of England could be put aside for no reason, then any wife could be put aside.† (Gregory, 2002, 276) The Tudor dynasty was a well-known royal family during England in the 1500’s. The best known, and discussed ruler during this time was King Henry the VIII. He is known for his many wives, specifically six, and also his radical reformation of the English Church. King Henry VIII was very concerned with having a male heir to continue the dynasty. For that reason, he annulled his firstRead MoreThe Reformation And The Protestant Reformation876 Words   |  4 Pages The 16th century reformation is also known as the Protestant reformation. There are a various number of causes for the Protestant reformation. The causes of the reformation will be analyzed from two different perspectives: Germany s causes and Europe s causes. The results of reformation will be examined. Major contributors such as Martin Luther and John Calvin s perspectives and contributions will also be analyzed and the impact they had during their time period.  People in Europe during theRead MoreCauses Of The Protestant Reformation1635 Words   |  7 PagesThe Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious movement that took place in the Western church. Having far-reaching political, economic, and social effect, the Reformation became the basis for the founding of Protestantism, one of the three major branches of Christianity. Without the changes caused by the Renaissance during the fifteenth century, the Reformation would not have been possible (Haigh). Reformers like Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII challenged the Catholic churchRead MoreTyndale Bible And The Reformation Of England860 Words   |  4 PagesThe Reformation of England The Reformation of England was a very important, yet difficult time, in history. According to Hughes Oliphant Old, author of The Reading and Preaching of the Scriptures in the Worship of the Christian, â€Å"The Reformation in England obviously pressed for a variety of changes that affected the whole life of the nation† (Old, 2002) There are many people and experiences that influenced this Reformation in English history. One of the biggest influences on The Reformation wasRead MoreWhat Were The Social Cause Of The Protestant Reformation?1289 Words   |  6 PagesWhat were the social causes of the Protestant Reformation? The bible was being made more accessible than ever. One of the things that led to more people interpreting the bible is that it was translated into everyday language. Another was the fact that the printing press was enabled that allowed multiple copies of the bible to be made. Previous to this, scribes would have to write every bible by hand and this could tak e years, just for one of them. Another factor was the fact that there was increasedRead MoreThe Henrician Reformation Essay970 Words   |  4 PagesThe Henrician Reformation The Henrician Reformation had much more political purpose than religious principles and to understand this much of the motives and changes of the reformation need to be considered. Reformation itself suggests that the events were all clearly linked together as a part of religious reform however, according to C. Davies most of those involved in bringing about the reformationRead MoreThe Reformation Of Henry VIII And The Protestant Reformation1177 Words   |  5 PagesThe Protestant Reformation was a 16th Century movement aimed at reorganising beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church which had fallen to unpopularity in recent years. There are many argued causes of the reforms and it is controversial to suggest that any one had significance over the others. To fully explore the causes of the reformations in England it is necessary to consider the position of Henry VIII, legitimate dissatisfaction many English people held with the Roman Catholic churchRead MoreEssay on The English Reformation1410 Words   |  6 Pages Though there was no driving force like Luther, Zwingli or Calvin during the English Reformation, it succeeded because certain people strived for political power and not exactly for religious freedom. People like Queen Elizabeth I and Henry VIII brought the Reformation in England much success, however their reasons were based on self-gain and desire for political power. Henry VIII and Queen Elizabeth I may have been the English Reformation’s greatest benefactors, all because of self interest. Henry

Online Retailing and Internet Marketing Coursework

Essays on Online Retailing and Internet Marketing Coursework The paper "Online Retailing and Internet Marketing" is a brilliant example of a term paper on marketing. Internet-marketing is the use of electronic media for the trade of goods and services. This trade might be within different firms or within different countries. The e-marketing does not only deals with the trade while the general public is enabled to do online-shoppings. This online-shopping requires a special mode of payments. The e-marketing has increased the level of business and trade of each entrepreneur as it helps to gain the maximum global market share. The electronic media use internet resources not only market their products and service but also enhance their sales through the internet mode.A brief description of E-marketing HistoryInternet marketing (e-marketing) wasn’t a new field rather the concept was initiated in the early 1960s when the use of file transfer and email was in use. The use of this internet marketing (e-marketing) was limited to a few large orga nizations and some daring financial institutes. Within the years of 1960 and 1970 different other concepts arises such as multimedia application and video links. The use of multimedia offers the potential to introduce many innovative techniques and application especially within the civil administration, banking applications, and other commercial businesses. Now with time, the concept of internet marketing (e-marketing) expanded numerously that now companies used to market and sales their product with the help of emails. The communication gap is reduced at minimum levels and the businesses are launched at global levels. The excess to any product and service become convenient, this increases the level of internet commercialization in early 1990. These all enhancement coined the entrepreneurs and business administrators to develop the latest and fastest applications for the business. It is the emerging concept in which still further developments are taking place with time augmenting in formation and communication technology. This augmentation increases the business functions (human resource, marketing, finance and another support area of the business). The concept of internet marketing (e-marketing) supports all the aspects of trade except the actual delivery. However, the monetary exchange is possible electronically in the latest the year of 1997. The overall e-commerce application was successfully launched in the new era of 2000 and most of the banks increased their distribution channels only because of e-commerce applications.Direct MarketingDirect marketing is the sub-head of marketing with two main broad categories that distinguish it from other types of marketing. The very first character is that it opts for different users or consumers and directly interacts through electronic media. This direct interaction uses unsolicited commercial communications such as spam or junk mail to interact directly with the consumers.

Special Need in Healthcare

Question: The SHARP Team, (Social Inclusion, Hope and Recovery Project) is a community base team in North London that caters for both in-patient and those in the community. Their intervention is based on: clients choice, integrated psychological, social inclusion support and healthy Living programmes including attending the gym, womans fitness and football. As a student of health and social care studies you have been asked as part of the placement requirement to give a presentation on the concept of health, illness and wellbeing to a team of nurses, Psychologist, recovered Service users, Police officers, Religious representatives and a Carers social support group. Amongst the guest, was a 55 year old gentle man from Jamaica diagnosed with a form of mental illness with (challenging behaviour needs) well known to the local police. He gave a testimony of how his life changed around by attending the centre. He also suffers from type 2 Diabetes, Non compliance with his medication, had poor relation ship with his GP, poor exercise regime and poor eating habit. Since I started attending the centre, he says my health changed completely. My eating habit has changed. I have developed self confidence. My blood pressure is stabilised and I now enjoy going to the gym, exercising regularly. My relationship with my GP and the community has improved and my blood sugar level is within normal limits. I now sleep adequately without any medication and befriended people who I hang out with so Im healthy and I thank my God that my Pastor, who lay hands on my head each time I go to church Task 1 1. Mr Jack testified of his blood sugar level being under control, his relationship with the community is civil. He complied with his medication and his spiritual needs are met. How would you analyse the care given to Mr Jack in terms of the holistic concept of health, disability, illness and behaviour. (A.C 1.1) 2. As a student of health and social care present at the meeting, you are asked to feedback to your colleagues about your experience. Assess how peoples perception of mental illness and other specific needs have changed over time. (A.C 1.2) 3. The SHARP team has been providing care based on a holistic approach. Analyse the impact legislation, social policy, society and culture has had on the way that these services are made available for individuals like Mr Jack with special needs? (A.C 1.3) Task 2 Mrs Murky, a 45 year old Polish woman has just been transferred from the AE into a Respite nursing home waiting funding for placement. She is having communication difficulties. She is partially deaf and is registered blind. She seems to be happy when someone visits that speak Polish. The staffs of the nursing home have started facing difficulties of how to engage Mrs Murky who cannot speak English fluently. 1. Analyse the care needs of Mrs Murky as someone with specific needs? (A.C 2.1) 2. Explain what would be the current systems for supporting Mrs Murky at the Respite Nursing Home. 3. Evaluate the services available in a chosen locality for individuals with specific needs that would benefit service user like Mrs Murky. (A.C 2.3) To gain a merit grade and a Distinction grade the following criteria as shown below must be met: Discuss the skills of a health and social care practitioner in caring for an individual with communication deficit to enhance the care given. Analyse the other professionals within the multidisciplinary team that you would invite to a case conference organised for a patient like Mrs Murky. Task 3 Explain the approaches and interventions available to support individuals with specific need such as Mrs Murky who may be suffering from dual diagnoses of being blind and deaf. 1. Evaluate the effectiveness of intervention strategies for an Mrs Murky as a service user with specific need(s) 2. There has been emerging developments in the UK in supporting individuals like Mrs Murky. Discuss how these would potentially impact the care given to people with specific needs? (A.C 3.3) Task 4 case scenario Mr. John has been in mattock nursing home for the past six years diagnosed with mild Dementia and is loved by everyone who visits the home. He used to be the model patient of the home and engages with every activity. He used to be chatty and helps with domestic chores. Suddenly he started becoming aggressive towards staff and other service users. Mr John was observed by staff to become very lethargic, excluded himself from every form of activity within the home. Most times he will sneak from his own room into another residents room scolding them to leave his room or he would drag them off his bed or will call the police. He will rigorously question the staff and refused to comply with any form of treatment. Some staff started calling him names and labelling him as being rude, insolent and a violent man. During a case conference to review his care plan there was the proposal of transferring him to another nursing home specialising in challenging behaviour. Mr John was referred to his GP who later came to examine him. After a period of assessment, he was diagnosed with an acute Chest and urine infection. He was treated with Anti-biotic therapy (pharmacological intervention). Mr John got better and turned to his old ways of doing things. To gain a pass grade the following criteria as shown below need to be completed 1.Explain the different concepts of challenging behaviour and situations whereby it can be misdiagnosed like in the case of Mr John in the above scenario. 2.Describe the potential impact of challenging behaviour to the individual and to health and social care organisations like Mattock Nursing Home. 3.Analyse strategies for working with challenging behaviours associated with specific needs in relation to the service user who suddenly changed from being a model patient to a patient whose behaviour was seen as challenging. (A.C 4.3) Conduct a Literature review on the subject of Managing Challenging behaviour in health and social care. Discuss how this module have changed your views on caring for people with Challenging behaviour needs compared to how people within your own culture perceive it. Answer: Health care is a multifaceted hence it is a complex domain which requires multi-modal approach. The health care requirements differ from person to person due to difference in faith, belief, culture, practice and various other factors. The traditional healthcare system was focussed only on treating particular health conditions and symptoms however with the time the health care system evolved a new definition of health with inclusion of different bodies governing different aspects of health hence the focus shifted from symptoms centric treatment to patient and community centred (Dossey et al, 2012). The huge improvement shown by Mr. Jack leading to both physical and mental stability have been possible only through holistic health care approach provided through SHARP (Social inclusion, hope, recovery project). The holistic health care method considers the overall needs of a patient as the centre of treatment which consist of body, mind, emotions and spiritual needs (Helman, 2014). These parameters are taken into consideration to achieve complete wellness and stability. As per Mr. Jack, previously he suffered from many difficulties such as following diet chart, treatment regimen, communicating with his GP and socialising. This reflects that the previous treatment regimen was only focused upon the disease without meeting the spiritual and emotional requirements of Mr. Jack. The holistic care approach balances the treatment given for the disease and emotional wellbeing of the patient which results into faster recovery (Myers, Sweeney, Witmer, 2000). The word health in holistic care approach does not mean only physical health rather it includes mental and social health as well. Illness results into reduction in the functioning ability eventually leading to social isolation due to either inability of the society to accommodate with such people or due to the low esteem of such people. The distinguishing features of the SHARP project helped Mr. Jack to not only recover f rom his illness but also to socialize which positively affected in his overall wellness. As Mr. Jack testifies that father and pastor of the church helped him a lot during his bad days it showed his social inclusion. The primary focus of the project is not to improve only the physical condition of Mr. Jack but also to convince the entire community to increase tolerance and to accommodate such individuals among it. Working with such an approach gives a new hope and ability to look beyond conventional health conditions and to start fresh having complete physical and mental wellbeing (Koshlander, Silva and Lexberg, 2009). The SHARP project works with different strategies such as intervention at the occupational level, sharing the experiences with users of this service, involving education and increasing the social contacts. Mr. Jack after joining SHARP got opportunity to mingle with others and gain knowledge form the experiences of others who once had gone from stages similar to his. T he stories of their struggle and success played a major role in his healing and recovery process. Hence the holistic approach of SHARP project not only resulted into speedy recovery of Mr. Jack but also normalized his life. TASK 1 The sessions conducted during the entire period of SHARP project and the presentation given was an eye opener for the participants in many ways. Prior to my presentation the common perception of mine towards general public was that the mental illness is not well accepted among them and that they still consider it as unsocial and negative. However after I gave presentation and had discussion with people from different sections of the society I came face to face with total different scenario which forced me to change my perceptions. The perception of the common public from all the communities consisted of positive feedback towards the mental illness and social inclusion of such individuals. The mass showed increased tolerance for disabled people. Thus it can be concluded that people started accepting mental illness instead of taking it as social stigma and they also strongly believe that the mental health of such individuals can be achieved and that such individuals also have same righ ts in the society( Thoits, 2011). However the session gave both kind of experience, apart from positive there were some negative interactions encountered and such people rather than accepting mental illness socially suggested several alternatives. For example some people expressed that they dont want to stay in the neighbour of a mentally challenged individual but at the same time accepted the fact that such individuals should get social rights. Hence their action and acceptance showed a gap which can be only filled through education and increasing awareness. Apart from this in general it appeared that over the time people have started accepting the mentally challenged or disabled individuals as normal and supporting them to regain their health and social well-being. This was the biggest positive attitude of the people encountered(Bunnk, Gibbons, Bunnk, 2013). The spiritual and emotional requirements of the people should be met irrespective of their ethnicity, age and health status. From the discussion session it came up that sometime they believe that these accessories help them to overcome all the challenges they come across during health care. The mass that gathered during presentation and discussion had groups of different ages and hence their likings and preferences were also different from each other. For example the aged section of the mass emphasized more upon the emotional, spirituals and social inclusion as the elements for healing and recovery. Whereas the younger section of the mass accepted these elements for recovery and at the same time they had belief that good habits and healthy regimen together with above mentioned elements will result into recovery and complete wellbeing. This difference in the approaches of the two age groups clearly showed the gap between their thinking although both the age groups had same goal of achieving better and complete health. Thus from this it can be concluded that though in the session both positive and negative approach of the people from different community came up but overall outcome of the session was positive which presented that the perceptions of the people are changing towards individuals requiring special care. The policies of SHARP project aims to improve the quality of life through holistic health care approach especially in case of people requiring special attention or individuals with specific needs. It must be noted, to improve the life of individuals like Mr. Jack not only SHARP like project has been initiated , there are other legislative and social policies framed by government addressing people with special need. In 2013, the department of Health released a policy update on social care and health care services emphasizing upon its parallel working. The government decided to help in integration of local councils with health care organizations to give better care. This has helped SHARP like projects gets success. Through local bodies, people like who requires specific care can be included in this project, which will be benefitted by project actions. The health and social care act was launched in 2012, in order to integrate social care and health care. Similarly, the care Act of 2014 has emphasized upon implementation of certain guidelines towards healthy ageing and care for older adults. This guidelines will came into effect after April 2015. The statutory guidelines says the health care of aged individuals (majority individuals with specific needs) must address health and wellness promotion, prevention and reduction of needs, delaying needs must be addressed. The aged care must provide informations as access to care services gets improved through dissemination of information. Assessing financial status, integrating with local authorities to provide care and adult safeguarding are some features which is going to be implemented. Looking into the special need domain and health care these legislative guidelines and social policies will improve the care facilitation. The current social policies such as reform in disability act, changing of disability living allowance to independence daily allowance is a welcome move which encourage SHARP like projects to get starte d. TASK 2 2.1 As per NHS, the level of deafness and blindness determines the level of care required which will help in designing the care plan. As per NHS, Deafblind condition is majorly found in older people as seen in Mrs. Murky case. Although her care needs include improvement of hearing, communicator or translator for effective communication and basic day to day supporter the target of care should be different. The first target of her care should be to preserve other sensory functions which are dependent upon effective communication and hearing aid. Since, it is not possible for support systems to provide for all life long, so she must be taught alternative communication techniques. Thirdly, rehabilitation training must be facilitated to improve her independence which is a difficult task to accomplish. In time health check-ups must be carried out to keep a note of interventions taken and its effect on her mental and physical health (NHS, 2013). 2.2 The current support system must have enough interpreters for communication. Similarly, the respite care system must have hearing aids and other medical aids for visually impaired persons. Enough beds must be available and assisting staffs must be available at least to make things go smoothly in order to prevent waiting issues. Person having knowledge on different services facilitated by government and free of cost must be employed to provide information correctly(Xie et al, 2013). 2.3 In a nearby respite care a number of services are available, which would be more beneficial for Mrs. Murky. For example- the respite care has all types of adaptive aids, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, information center, living assistance staffs etc. It has a full-fledged pharmacy to supply medications 24 *7. The respite care employs a nutritionist and behavioral support team to address both dietary and behavioral issues for disabled people. This type of facility would help Mrs. Murky better than the current facility. TASK 3 3.1 The major hurdle in case of dual disabilities is communication which leads to major health and mental issues. So, the very first approach should be employing a full time professional polish to English language translator and interpreter. Once, the language interpreter and translator is employed, the next approach should be improving her hearing capability. Since she is partial deaf, she might be able to communicate properly. An audiometry test along with hearing aid for her will help in making communication perfect. Third and one of the basic requirements is a support staff for helping her in daily routine works. Since she is blind, she needs help while walking, finding things and carry out her daily personal hygiene activities. The persons employed must be as per patient preference (such as male or female). While addressing these issues proper care must be taken for ethical guidelines and protection of her self-respect and identity(Council, 2012). 3.2 As previously mentioned Mrs. Murky needs a registered professional interpreter, hearing aid and other supportive services based upon her health status. These three interventions will definitely help Mrs. Murky in leading a healthy quality life. Since she is polish and has difficulty in speaking and understanding English, a communicator can help her in translating her needs and requirements in English. She can know the services which she can avail for her disabilities, agencies which support such disable people. The effectiveness of communication in continuity of care has been reported extensively. Secondly, hearing aid will help her in hearing the normal communication and can interpret properly. As she is partial deaf, a hearing aid can help her to listen clearly and convey her needs and requirements. Thirdly, being a registered blind person residential care for adults with disability can address her daily needs and act as support for her daily routine. This can significantly imp rove her quality of life(Weaver, 2012). 3.3 A number of developments have occurred to help people or children with special needs which include Mrs. Murky like condition. A huge number of services are being facilitated by government of UK for disable people. Guidance has been passed by NHS named as Deafblind Guidance in 2009 which provides an instructional guideline for managing such people. Charter like Tameside Interpreting and Communication service has been facilitated to be availed by those persons who are registered blind and deaf (either partially or fully). Technological help such as providing hearing aid for disabled people has been facilitated free of cost. A number of respite care services addressing a host of disabilities has also been launched in recent times. To minimize the communication gap, every private respite care has been directed to have interpreter or translator for at least two nearby local language and one international language. Communication gap can directly affect physical health of an individual. To address such issues, services such as home respite care, adult day centers, residential programs which includes behavioral support, diet support and other residential care such as cooking, bathing , doing regular activities are involved. Thus, it will improve the situations of Mrs. Murky and others in future. TASK 4 4.1 Challenging behavior can be defined as behavior which is shown by an individual having harmful effects on others as well as on self which degrades the quality of life. The individuals showing challenging behavior fails to carry out day to day activities reflected by self-harm, aggression, disruption from regular activities, and infringement of others privacy rights and responsibilities (Hewett, 2012). All these characters can be seen in Mr. John which places him under challenging behavior category. The case of Mr. John must be analyzed on concepts of challenging behavior. The term implicates the behavior is challenging in nature rather than the person and it is not mandatory, the person must be patient of mental disability (Osborne, Simpson and Stokes, 2010) . Thus, calling Mr. John in different negative attitudes name is another reason behind is challenging behavior. Research suggests poor understanding and concluding with false assumptions on personality of an individual can le ad to irritation and challenging behavior (Poppes, Putten and Vlaskamp, 2010). From a challenging behavior perspective, it is absolute necessary find the factors which might have influenced the behavior leading to challenges from all perspective. Behavioral changes is linked with bio psychosocial perspective which forces researchers, scholars and clinicians to look into medical influence led challenging behavior as first priority (McAlister, Perry and Parcel, 2008). When, the pain is unrecognized it might lead to discomfort. Similarly, background medical condition might lead to challenging behavior. From the above case study, Mr. John was diagnosed with acute chest infection and urine infection which has its own debilitating effects causing pain and discomfort. The current case study confirms other reported studies where it has shown misdiagnosis can lead to behavioral changes and mostly challenging behavior as found in case of Mr. John. Living and working environment can lead to ch anges in behavior if it doesnt suits to an individual immediate need (Teneij and Koot, 2008). As he was suffering from acute chest infection and urine infection, he must have symptoms which confirms he was in pain. Instead of being diagnosed and treated, he was given rough treatments from social care staffs. One major function of challenging behavior is to gain control over own life and have power. Thus, Mr. John was showing challenging behavior to gain attention a control over his life where he can get relief from pain. 4.2 Challenging behavior with misdiagnosis and dementia is a well reported issue in research as well as evidence based guide. Potential influence of such behavior is causing harm to others and self (Bird, Jones and Korten, 2009). The symptoms exhibited by Mr. John are reflection of first influence of challenging behavior usually seen and reported in patients. For example- he started abusing staffs and infringing privacy of others. This disturbs not only the Mattock nursing home facility environment but also act as a potential risk factor for more mental issues in context of mental patients. He was observed as lethargic, and do not engage himself in daily activities (Andrews, 2006). These activities which are not deliberately planned can worsen the dementia condition and effects. While these influences reduces the success chance of any treatment, scolding and abusing staffs increases the physical as well as emotional distance between the staff and patient. In long term it leads to bre akage in continuity of care and poor health care delivery. This is not only limited to Mr. John but also to other patients at Mattock nursing care. Healthcare organizations are under constant pressure due to an increased patient number and shortage of staff. In such situation, events like this can degrade the quality of care. The mismanagement of above case also suggests, the staffs working may not be competent enough to work in such organizations where mental health is the first priority. Therefore, in long term such challenging behavior reduces the chances of employment for both Mr. John and others working at mattock nursing home. 4.3 From the case of Mr.John , it can be concluded certain event or incidence might have triggered such behavior or any discomfort which was there but was misdiagnosed led to such behavior. As he was regarded as model patient once, the chances of having mental disability or any major mental health issue is less unless he is subjected to any traumatic situation. Since he was a patient of Dementia (Mild), the first benefit of doubt goes to medical causes of challenging behavior. Assessment of health is the first and most important criteria. Misdiagnosis, poor communication might lead to long term pain and discomfort in patients which irritates the patient and forces him/her to show challenging behavior. What makes John an individual showing challenging behavior must be defined. Secondly, assessing any significant change in Johns daily life must be assessed post health assessment to manage his behavior. In case of John, he was diagnosed with two medical conditions which is relatively ea sy for carers to manage compared with other patients showing challenging behaviours. The first step is to assess and look for early warning signals. Post assessment, carers must look for triggers or antecedent to find out what exactly occurs before the challenging behavior. This can provide important leads or cues on exact causes. For example- Mr. John might be asking for some pain relief from acute chest infection which is ignored by the carers. This can be the cause behind his challenging behavior. In case carer fails to know the triggering events it is essential to look after consequences of challenging behavior, i.e. what the person is getting from this type of behavior or not getting that motivates them to repeat such actions again and again. Based upon the findings, a positive behavior support plan can be designed which will be beneficial for the patient. The carer must keep a note of their own actions and behaviors during such assessment and management. Keeping calmness while dealing with such patients and distracting them can help in minimizing their behavioral influence. The strategy must be proactive in nature which acts in a positive way. In proactive strategies, the carer looks for trigger and consequence and meets the need of the patient. The patient is rewarded for adhering to the treatment regimen and the environmental factors are adjusted to keep the patient calm and composed. In the above case, the carer must stop calling him rude or violent and must behave with him normally to find out the reason behind such behavior. Once identified, preventive interventions must be taken to reduce the problem which is forcing the candidates to show such behavior (Cook et al, 2012). D2 this module was an eye opener for me, as it gave me an opportunity to do an in depth study of core concepts of challenging behavior. The main theme or the concept which was learned from the module is the target should be modulating neither the behavior nor the person, which suggests the person, must not be harmed while managing. Although I was aware of the fact, every challenging behavior must have an unmet need which is either mental or biological in origin, the influence of environment and working conditions was not known. The case studies gave an opportunity to look after holistic approach as an evolving strategy in addressing patient as a whole. Health is a multidimensional terminology which has to be understood from more than one perspective in order to keep a person healthy. The perception of challenging behavior shown by different persons is usually perceived as mental disability or developmental disability. In my own culture, certain section of people still believes in occ ult effects and paranormal effect for such behaviors. Therefore, it demands translation of knowledge to common mass and educate them on influence, effect, managing of challenging behavior. References Andrews, G. J. (2006). Managing challenging behaviour in dementia.BMJ,332(7544), 741. Buunk, B. P., Gibbons, F. X., Buunk, A. (Eds.). (2013).Health, coping, and well-being: Perspectives from social comparison theory. Psychology Press Bird, M., Llewellyn-Jones, R. H., Korten, A. (2009). An evaluation of the effectiveness of a case-specific approach to challenging behaviour associated with dementia.Aging and Mental Health,13(1), 73-83. Council, A. (2012). Help When You Need It-Health and Disability-Information on Services. Dossey, B. M., Certificate, C. D. I. N. C., Keegan, L., Co-Director International Nurse Coach Association. (2012).Holistic nursing. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Moniz Cook, E. D., Swift, K., James, I., Malouf, R., De Vugt, M., Verhey, F. (2012). Functional analysis-based interventions for challenging behaviour in dementia.Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2. Choices, N. H. S. (2013). Communication problems and support-Carers Direct-NHS Choices. Helman, C. G. (2014).Culture, health and illness: An introduction for health professionals. Butterworth-Heinemann. Hewett, D. (2012).Challenging behaviour: principles and practices. Routledge. McAlister, A. L., Perry, C. L., Parcel, G. S. (2008). How individuals, environments, and health behaviors interact.Health behavior and health education; theory, research, and practice, 169-188. Osborne, H., Simpson, J., Stokes, G. (2010). The relationship between pre-morbid personality and challenging behaviour in people with dementia: A systematic review.Aging mental health,14(5), 503-515. Poppes, P., Van der Putten, A. J. J., Vlaskamp, C. (2010). Frequency and severity of challenging behaviour in people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.Research in Developmental Disabilities,31(6), 1269-1275. Tenneij, N. H., Koot, H. M. (2008). Incidence, types and characteristics of aggressive behaviour in treatment facilities for adults with mild intellectual disability and severe challenging behaviour.Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,52(2), 114-124 Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health.Journal of Health and Social Behavior,52(2), 145-161. Weaver, D. (2012). Supporting different methods of communication.Nursing Residential Care,14(5), 220-223. Xie, C., Hughes, J., Chester, H., Sutcliffe, C., Challis, D. (2013). Exploring the role of independent organisations in care coordination for older people in England.Journal of Social Work, 1468017313478330.

Strategies And Procedures For Restaurant Sector †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategies And Procedures For Restaurant Sector. Answer: Introduction: With increasing per capita income, majority of the Australian people are looking to spend their money in luxurious activities. It enhances the overall business opportunities for the restaurant sector in Australian market (Scholes, 2015). For that reason, the business plan is looking to utilize the provided opportunity by developing restaurant in Sydney area. The proposed restaurant will try to offer something new and unique for the customers so that the business venture can emerge as a successful investment. The Kitchen will be an upscale deli specialization in a combination of fast food and Chinese dishes. All the recipes provided by The Kitchen will focus on providing something unique for the people living in Sydney area. The essay will concentrate on evaluating different strategies and procedures that The Kitchen needs to use for accomplishing all the business goals and objectives. It will evaluate both internal and external environment for understanding the possible future challe nges in an appropriate manner. Discussion: The restaurant sector is extremely competitive in Australian market, as many small and large size restaurants have developed their presence in Australia. Moreover, Australia is among the most popular tourist destinations, where people from all across the globe visit on regular basis. As a result, the demand for quality restaurants is always high in Australian market. Therefore, The Kitchen is likely to have enough opportunity to establish their businesses in an appropriate manner. As per the article by Bharadwaj et al. (2013), opportunity is not the only thing that guarantees success in the market. In fact, The Kitchen needs to focus on several other factors for ensuring continues growth in the competitive market. The factors include proper evaluation of the internal and external environment related with the restaurant industry is essential for accomplishing all the business goals and objectives. Now, The Kitchen will concentrate on start up the business with the clear objective, as it will help the restaurant to move forward towards right direction (Kim et al., 2013). The Kitchen will aim to emerge as one of the most popular restaurants present in Sydney area with the delivery of quality foods and services. According to Verbeke (2013), proper utilization of internal structure is essential for performing all the requirements of the operational procedure. Therefore, The Kitchen will have to focus on developing appropriate structure where all the employees can able to understand their responsibilities in an appropriate way. The Kitchen needs to develop separate departments like cash, marketing, serving and cooking so that all the complex requirements of the operational procedure fulfils within the limited timeframe (Heung Gu, 2012). In addition, appropriate development of organizational structure allows businesses to formulate clear communicational procedure. As a result, it eliminates the possibility of any confusion within the workplace. Moreover, as The Kitchen is looking to provide both fast food as well as Chinese dishes, it will require people with specific knowledge and skills (Oestreicher-Singer Zalmanson, 2012). Now, as a start-up, it will be very difficult for The Kitchen to re cruit too many people at a time. Since, it will increase the overall cost of the operational process, which is obviously create challenges for the restaurant. Hence, the business plan of The Kitchen will focus on developing different teams with very few employees in order to keep the initial budget under check. As per the article by Blackburn, Hart and Wainwright (2013) internal and external environment evaluation is extremely important for developing effective strategies for the business expansion purpose. Now, The Kitchen have targeted Sydney area for developing its outlet, as it is one of the most crowded areas of Australian economy. Now, The Kitchen will also have to ensure that the required amount of raw materials is always present at the outlet so that they can able to fulfil all the needs and wants of the customers. Moreover, The Kitchen also needs to be careful at the time of selecting the location for retail outlets, as it will create major impact on the overall revenue level. The management of The Kitchen will have to ensure that the required level of transportation is available at the selected location so that maximum number of people can visit the outlet on regular basis (Schrader, Freimann Seuring, 2012). The Kitchen also has to evaluate the political and economical condition of the community before selecting the pricing strategy. Many communities or societies have different likings regarding the foods. Therefore, improper assessment of taste and preference will eventually come as a major drawback to the organization. It addition, The Kitchen will also have to focus on maintaining the legislative guidelines by registering the restaurant name along with completion of other necessary activities. As highlighted by Iacob, Quartel and Jonkers (2012) maintenance of strong customer relationship with the customers are essential for retaining them for longer period of time. For that reason, The Kitchen needs to focus on the quality of the provided services so that customers can feel connected with the restaurants. In the present competitive environment, providing something extra to the customers has become a norm. Almost all the businesses have tried to develop different unique strategies so that all the customers feel happy and satisfied with the provided facilities (Hwang Ok, 2013). Increasing competition in the restaurant sector is among the prime risk factors that The Kitchen has to counter in order to achieve sustainable growth in the market. As a start-up restaurant, The Kitchen not only has to compete with the other small restaurants but also with the popular ones as well (Higgins, Omer Phillips, 2015). For that reason, it will optimum for The Kitchen to utilize comparativ ely low pricing strategy for gaining pricing advantage in the market. However, increasing price of all the raw materials for the development of foods is another prime concern that will create challenges for The Kitchen to utilize low pricing strategy. Hence, The Kitchen needs to focus on developing strong long-term relationship with all the suppliers in order to ensure timely delivery of quality raw materials for long period of time. The development of strong relationship with the suppliers can actually reduce the cost related with the operational procedure in a major way (Likk-Roto Nevas, 2014). Therefore, it will eventually help The Kitchen to increase the overall profit level in an effective way. As stated by Spender (2014) appropriate utilization of marketing strategy is essential for providing required level of information to the targeted customers. Specifically, as the competition in Australian restaurant market is extremely high, The Kitchen will have to use different marketing strategies for accomplishing all the objectives of business plan. The Kitchen can use digital platforms like different trusted websites and social media for providing information regarding their offering and services. It will allow The Kitchen to reach maximum number of potential customers in very limited time span. Recent survey has highlighted the fact that around 70% of youth evaluate the review ratings of a particular restaurant before going physically (Chen Elston, 2013). Therefore, strong establishment of image has become essential for any restaurants to induce customers to visit outlets on regular basis (Bharadwaj et al., 2013). As mentioned earlier, The Kitchen will heavily depend on low p ricing along with quality food with service to gain major share of the target market. Now, the management of The Kitchen will have to ensure that the quality of service has remained intact at all the time. Otherwise, the overall image of the organization can get hampered in a major way. Apart from that, The Kitchen will also have to concentrate on different functionalities associated with the operational procedures for ensuring continues success in the market. For instance, The Kitchen will have to use different payment method so that customers can pay as per their convenience. In the current time, utilization of different payment method has become obvious, as people from different background like to use different way of payments. In addition, The Kitchen will have to ensure all the staffs and receptionists are well dressed, which will increase the overall ambience value (Kwok Yu 2013). All the staffs within the restaurant will be trained for dealing with people from different cultural background. In addition, The Kitchen can also focus on providing different offers like percentage off or combo offer so that it can attract more number of customers on regular basis. Conclusion: The above illustration has highlighted the fact that The Kitchen will have to be very careful at the time of initiating several strategies for establishing its presence in the market. It has mentioned that the restaurant industry is extremely competitive in Australian market, which is likely to create different types of challenges for The Kitchen. Therefore, the business plan of The Kitchen will focus on reducing the price of the product as much as possible for gaining price advantage. It will also try to maintain all the political and legislative guidelines for avoiding any type of unnecessary challenges at the workplace. Therefore, The Kitchen is likely to tackle all possible challenges for establishing its presence in Australian market successfully. References: Bharadwaj, A., El Sawy, O. A., Pavlou, P. A., Venkatraman, N. V. (2013). Digital business strategy: toward a next generation of insights. Bharadwaj, A., El Sawy, O. A., Pavlou, P. A., Venkatraman, N. V. (2013). Visions and voices on emerging challenges in digital business strategy. Blackburn, R. A., Hart, M., Wainwright, T. (2013). Small business performance: business, strategy and owner-manager characteristics.Journal of small business and enterprise development,20(1), 8-27. Chen, S. C., Elston, J. A. (2013). Entrepreneurial motives and characteristics: An analysis of small restaurant owners.International Journal of Hospitality Management,35, 294-305. Heung, V. C., Gu, T. (2012). Influence of restaurant atmospherics on patron satisfaction and behavioral intentions.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(4), 1167-1177. Higgins, D., Omer, T. C., Phillips, J. D. (2015). The influence of a firm's business strategy on its tax aggressiveness.Contemporary Accounting Research,32(2), 674-702. Hwang, J., Ok, C. (2013). The antecedents and consequence of consumer attitudes toward restaurant brands: A comparative study between casual and fine dining restaurants.International Journal of Hospitality Management,32, 121-131. Iacob, M. E., Quartel, D., Jonkers, H. (2012, September). Capturing business strategy and value in enterprise architecture to support portfolio valuation. InEnterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC), 2012 IEEE 16th International(pp. 11-20). IEEE. Kim, H. J., Park, J., Kim, M. J., Ryu, K. (2013). Does perceived restaurant food healthiness matter? Its influence on value, satisfaction and revisit intentions in restaurant operations in South Korea.International Journal of Hospitality Management,33, 397-405. Kwok, L., Yu, B. (2013). Spreading social media messages on Facebook: An analysis of restaurant business-to-consumer communications.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,54(1), 84-94. Likk-Roto, T., Nevas, M. (2014). Restaurant business operators' knowledge of food hygiene and their attitudes toward official food control affect the hygiene in their restaurants.Food control,43, 65-73. Oestreicher-Singer, G., Zalmanson, L. (2012). Content or community? A digital business strategy for content providers in the social age. Scholes, M. S. (2015).Taxes and business strategy. Prentice Hall. Schrader, C., Freimann, J., Seuring, S. (2012). Business strategy at the base of the pyramid.Business Strategy and the environment,21(5), 281-298. Spender, J. C. (2014).Business strategy: Managing uncertainty, opportunity, and enterprise. OUP Oxford. Verbeke, A. (2013).International business strategy. Cambridge University Press.

Financial Crisis in Iceland Essay Example

Financial Crisis in Iceland Paper This assignment is part of ECM04 Economics of Capital Markets module on phase 2 in MSc. Finance and Investment at University of Brighton 2008-2009. The assignment is to analyze the Icelandic financial crisis which eventually led to the collapse of the Icelandic banking system and the economy as a whole. In order to analyse the Icelandic financial crisis we will begin to look at the background and what we regard as the causes, look at the consequences and future prospects. In the end we compare the Icelandic financial crisis to a model which Kindleberger covers in his book Manias, Panics and Crashes. Kindleberger (1978) describes financial crisis in the following way: What happens, basically, is that some event changes the economic outlook. New opportunities for profits are seized, and overdone, in ways so closely resembling irrationality as to constitute a mania. Once the excessive character of the upswing is realized, the financial system experiences a sort of distress, in the course of which the rush to reverse the expansion process may become so precipitous as to resemble panic. In the manic phase, people of wealth or credit switch out of money or borrow to buy real or illiquid financial assets. In panic, the reverse movement takes place, from real or financial assets to money, or repayment of debt, with a crash in the prices of commodities, houses buildings, land, stocks, and bonds in short, in whatever has been the subject of the mania. Background Causes European Economic Area Icelandic government control over the economy has reduced over time. The most dominant decision was when Iceland entered the European Economic Area (EEA) in 1994. When Iceland joined the EEA it got access to European markets and adopted European regulations. We will write a custom essay sample on Financial Crisis in Iceland specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Financial Crisis in Iceland specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Financial Crisis in Iceland specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Joining the EEA had a positive impact on the economy, however opening an insular economy to the EEA without significant institutional reforms carried with it dangers. Neither the Icelandic authorities nor private firms were prepared to operate in such an environment. This is especially relevant in the case of banking where the aim of Icelandic government was to build up financial centre in Iceland. To be able to build up financial centre it was very important to join EES in order to have access to European markets and adopt European regulations. This was new experience for Iceland to have the access to foreign capital because for most of the 20th century the economy was heavily regulated. (Dani elsson Zoega, 2009) Free Capital Transfer and Privatization of the Banks In continuance of EEA agreement, Icelandic government decided to privatize the three biggest banks which started 1997 and was fully completed in 2003. The new owners of the banks had little or no experience of international banking, the same applied for the Icelandic government. When Iceland accessed EEA, it faced full freedom in export and import of capital transfer among other things and the new owners of the banks began to expand the old commercial banks into investment banking. The new investment banks could get cheap capital which was easy at that time. Figure 1 shows how foreign debts have increased since Iceland got independent and it is interesting to see how the foreign debts increased dramatically when the banks had been fully privatized in 2003. (i lafssson, 2008) Figure 1: Shows foreign debts of the Icelandic economy gross dept, long term debts and net foreign debts, in proportion of GDP. Source: i lafsson, 2008 Figure 1 illustrates how easy it was to get capital at that time and the new owners of the banks forced ahead on the capital markets to finance their investments abroad. Foreign debts of the Icelandic economy were seven times GDP just four years after privatization of the banks. The study of financial economics teach us that when foreign debts increase enormously, real estate and stock price rise, there is obvious signs of increasing risk of financial crisis. (Kindleberger, 1978) Figure 2: Shows net debts of the national economy year 2005, in multi-national comparison foreign and domestic debts in proportion of GDP. Source: i lafsson, 2008 Immediately in 2005, two years after the privatization of the banks, Iceland had become most indebted OECD country in the world, as can be seen from figure 2 (i lafsson, 2008). According to the picture the situation in Iceland was already worth of criticism in 2005, with net foreign debts around 125% of GDP. (Siguri sson Svavarsson, 2007) The banking expansion was the source of the rapid economic growth that took place between 2003 and 2007. It enabled households and firms to take advantage of the abundance of low-interest funds in international capital markets to finance domestic investment and consumption, as well as the acquisition of domestic and foreign firms. Because the banks got fund in the international wholesale market this was an externally financed boom. The inflow of capital had a predictable effect on the exchange rate, the stock market and the current account as can be seen in table 1 in Appendix B. (Dani elsson Zoega, 2009) Speculation Capitalism in Iceland The objects of speculation will differ from boom to boom and crisis to crisis. The alternative explanation of the un-sober upswing goes back to Irving Fisher, which emphasizes that the real rate of interest was too low. Prices rise on the upswing, while interest rates lag. This implies a fall in the real rate of interest. With real interest rates falling, and profit prospects either rising or steady, rational investors expand. Speculation often develops in two stages. In the first, sober stage of investment, households, firms, investors, or other actors respond to a displacement in a limited and rational way. In the second, capital gains play a dominating role. The first taste is for high interest, but that taste soon becomes secondary. There is a second appetite for large gains to make by selling the principal (Kindleberger, 1978). The Icelandic bubble fits well within the framework of Kindleberger regarding the destabilizing effects of speculative finance. The Icelandic bubble started with the excitement generated by the privatization and deregulation of financial institutions, and appear unlimited access to foreign capital markets at low interest rates. The capital inflows stimulated economic growth, the outlook brightened, further increasing the willingness to borrow. Asset prices started to rise. Euphoria developed, increasingly high-risk borrowers found easy access to capital, risk appetites increased, and firms and individuals started to borrow for speculative reasons. Borrowing on the margin to buy equities became a popular activity. Banks competition for market share intensified and they lent to increasingly high-risk borrowers. A real estate bubble ensued, fuelled by seemingly unlimited bank lending. Many of the largest asset shareholders of the Icelandic banks, was highly leveraged, were facing difficulties. Investigations has detected that largest shareholders resorted to borrowing from their own banks to buy bank stock, with a view to prop up the price. The collateral behind the loans was only the bought bank stocks. In the end, of course, the entire structure collapsed. (Dani elsson Zoega, 2007).

How to Manage Freelance Writers A Stress-Free Guide

How to Manage Freelance Writers A Stress-Free Guide The position of â€Å"managing editor†Ã‚  has evolved in a crazy way since the advent of digital publications and blogs. And whether you consider yourself an editor or not, the chances that you do some  managing editor tasks as a content marketer are high. Every marketer is working with content creators. Every marketer is making sure the words and images make sense. You may not consider yourself an editor, but if you manage other content creators, publish content using specific guidelines, or even proofread on a regular basis, you are  an editor †¦ at least in part. But even though many of us are editors in our own ways, we still get questions like, â€Å"What does an editor really do these days?† For me, these kinds of questions bring up irrational feelings of frustration as I think to myself, â€Å"What don’t  I do† But it’s a valid point- we are no longer in the days of traditional print media, where spelling errors are corrected with a big red pen and paragraphs are picked up and put down like weights in the gym. Instead, our jobs are digital and they’re evolving. The myriad tools we have at our fingertips  are at once saviors and curses as we attempt to navigate all the tasks and words competing for our attention. Being an editor comes with a lot of responsibilities, and requires a pretty wide range of skills. Not only do editors need to understand advanced writing techniques, they also need to be a superb manager of people and projects. The writers that create the content for our publications to thrive need leading! Being an editor comes with a lot of responsibilities, and requires a pretty wide range of skills.Now, this can prove to be extremely challenging, especially because most writerly folks tend to be introverted and prefer to work alone. When you’re an editor, and especially when you’re an editor of a digital publication and managing multiple writers, you must learn and master four specific foundational elements to be successful: Business Strategy (notice I didn’t just say marketing strategy!) Project Management Editing Writing Techniques Leadership Relationship Management As you can see, editing writing are only one part of being a successful managing editor. In fact, managing freelance writers starts way before we even hire the writers. Recommended Listening: How to Implement a Guest Blogging Process With Jess Ostroff from Don't Panic Management [PODCAST] Connect Marketing Strategy to  Business Strategy I could spend all day talking about why every piece of marketing needs to be rooted in your overall business strategy, but the short version is this: If you can’t attach your content marketing activities to the bottom line, you’re not going to have any content marketing activities. That means no writers, no editors, no graphic designers, no programmers, and certainly no social media managers to share your content. I’m not trying to scare you, but it’s important to see the forest for the trees here, especially if you want to take your editorial duties to the next level. So, how can you put bottom-line growth in the forefront of your content marketing activities? Start here: Understand Your Audience When working with and speaking to marketers, I often pose a question that looks something like this: â€Å"Are you a fiction writer? Or are you a marketer?† Fiction writers write for themselves. They’re novelists, and they get to pick the subjects and the characters that make them happy. Not the case for marketers! We have to write for our audiences, not ourselves. So, the first thing to be crystal clear about is who is your audience?  What do they need to know? What problems are they looking to solve? How are they getting their information? What format of content do they prefer to consume? Marketers have to write for our audiences, not ourselves.Now, you may need to do some serious digging to develop a clear picture of who your audience is. And I always recommend creating an avatar or persona so that you can put a face and name to the audience, even if it’s fictional. Creating several personas is fine, too. I know many companies target different audiences along the way. But the important thing is to KNOW. And I can’t tell you how many clients and colleagues I come across who really don’t have any idea who their audience is and what they care about. This is a huge problem. Having a deep understanding of your audience allows you to craft your message and hone your story to reach your goals. After all, it’s the audience that ultimately determines your destiny. A little scary when you think about it, right? But more importantly, why does this matter? Why am I talking about audience in a post about managing writers? Tip: If you need help creating personas, try using Xtensio's Free Persona Creator Tool. Because when you deeply understand your audience’s needs, you can clearly communicate that with your writers, who can then create content specifically for your audience, who then, through their behavior, help you reach your goals. It’s a win for everyone, and it’s where every managing editor must begin. Set Measurable Goals Goals come from the top down. They’re determined by the manager, the c-level executive, or even the owner of the business. That’s because they’re related to bottom-line revenue for the entire business, not just the marketing department. Depending on the structure of your company, you may or may not be a part of the decision-making process when it comes to goals. Regardless, it’s important that you or someone on your team provides some historical metrics so that you can develop future goals for your content marketing efforts. Your goals may look similar to these: Increase website pageviews by 50% Increase email newsletter subscriptions by 100% Increase social media referrals by 30% Increase organic traffic by 25% Increase publishing schedule by 20% Pick the goals that you can track over time and don’t be afraid to refine them as you go. Even if you’re not in charge, it’s your job to inform the decision makers with actual data and results. Inform your decision makers with actual data and results.Develop Clear Guidelines Style Guides The great thing about guidelines is that you can always change them. Okay, that sounds a little nuts to say right away. But it’s my favorite part. Because your tools, your resources, and your goals are always changing, it seems reasonable to accept that you can change your guidelines. But I’ve seen a lot of editors become terrified of creating guidelines and style guides because they think they’re writing them in stone. Not the case! I want to mention this up-front so my type A perfectionists don’t get scared away. Guidelines are important. But they’re not permanent. Make them. Use them. Adjust them. Use the feedback loop to always be making improvements. At the very minimum, make sure your guidelines include: Audience information Goals of your publication Expertise you’re looking for Tone Topic ideas Recommended word count Instructions on how to submit posts Any rules or restrictions If you want to have a little more fun with your guidelines page: Make a video to supplement the written ideas Provide incentives for submitting posts Hide an Easter egg Use humor (if it fits with your tone and style) Make the process fun Embed a form (instead of simply providing an email address) Be a human Here are some awesome guidelines pages that I’ve seen recently, from which you can borrow ideas: Hubspot’s Marketing: Note how they share what they will and will not  consider. Also note how clear they are about their process. Four Hour Work Week: Note how Tim keeps a conversational but direct tone, explaining exactly what to consider when submitting, what format he wants posts in, and some helpful tips to keep in mind. Convince Convert: Note how Jay developed a custom video to explain the audience and type of content, plus the submission form is embedded directly on the page. Okay, now you understand the basic business principles that your editorial strategy should adhere to. It’s time to get to the nitty-gritty. Recommended Reading: How to Write a Pitch Email That Will Get Your Guest Post Accepted Pay Attention to Project Management Topics and deadlines and word counts, oh my! Don’t let a long list of to-do’s get in the way of publishing amazing content. Set up a project management system that you can follow throughout your publishing schedule, from communications and deadlines to publish dates and URLs. Recommended Reading: The Complete 16-Step Marketing Project Management Process That Will Get You Organized Use (and Stick To) a Master Editorial Calendar Some of my favorite publications create certain days of the week for certain types of content, but you don’t have to have to create featured content every day to find value in an editorial calendar. There are tons of tools you can use for this (  being my personal favorite, I’m serious!) but you can also start with a simple spreadsheet. Tip: If you're interested in trying , you can sign up for a free 14-day trial. At Don’t Panic, we have a master editorial spreadsheet in Google Drive for all of our clients. On the first tab, it includes a link to the writing guidelines we’ve developed for our writers so that no one has an excuse for not having them. It also includes a key that shows what each color means and where everything is in the process (more on process in the next section). We have a tab for each client and a column in each tab for the writer assigned, the title of the post, any notes about the post from the writer or the client, and various deadlines. There is also a column for status, which is where the color-coding comes into play. When a post is delivered or published, the rows get hidden so that the spreadsheet isn’t cluttered with old work. You can adopt a variation of this spreadsheet for your own writer-tracking purposes. Create a Workflow That Works Even if you’re the only person who manages your editorial process, you need a workflow to stay productive (especially on those days when no amount of coffee can keep you motivated). The best way to do this is to set up an easy, foolproof, step-by-step system that doesn’t require you to think about it every time. Work backwards from publish dates to determine what your process and deadlines will look like. I love to have all posts for the following week edited and scheduled by the Friday before if possible so I don’t have to be panicking about them every day. It’s not always possible, especially if we have timely or sponsored posts to run, but you can corral your writers to meet the deadlines you set out if you plan out your own workflow first. Some  tips for that: Have all posts come in the same way, in the same format, to the same place.  That may mean that you have a form that accepts attachments, a Google Drive folder where everyone uploads their finished pieces, or you use a tool that allows writers to drop their drafts right into your CMS. Make sure deadlines are clear and are followed. Don’t keep writers around who can’t meet deadlines. There are many reasons for this, but for me, the main reason is because late drafts mean that I have to adjust my workflow. I like to set designated times for review and editing, and I can’t do that if I’m missing content. This goes for initial drafts and any re-written pieces. You must set deadlines for everything! Set aside specific time for editing.  Editing in batches is often much more productive than editing in piecemeal. Use a color-coding system.  Perhaps blue means received, yellow means in review, red means awaiting re-write, green means approved, and grey means scheduled. This is especially helpful if you’re working with a team, but even if you’re on your own, it takes the guesswork out of where in the process you are for each piece so you can stay on track. Overcommunicate. Writers need a certain level of herding because they’re often working on a lot of different content at once. Make sure that you’re being abundantly clear about where you’re at in the process and what you need from them. This keeps everyone happy and on track. Are you a blog editor? Here's how to corral your writers. If you have other elements in your process that need to be done, such as graphics and social media messaging, include them in your writer management process even if it means bringing in other designers or social media managers. Having fragmented processes for different teams is ineffective. Create a cohesive process for all of your editorial tasks, even if they involve people outside of your freelance writing team. Overall, the workflow creation is really about knowing yourself. And as the manager, you have a certain level of authority over what the process is. So please think deeply about what will work best for you, roll out the process to your writers, and stick to it if you can. Trouble comes when you’re always reinventing your process and forcing writers to do the same. Set Up a Separate Mailbox If your submission process looks anything like mine, the emails and attachments and questions I get in my email are enough to drive a person mad. And I get it. Writers work hard on their posts, so if you don’t get back to them with approvals right away, they get antsy. But setting up a separate account (such as submissions@ or guestposts@ or editor@) to deal with your articles can help set the expectation among writers (and make you feel a little more sane in the process). You have my permission to set up the process that works for you, and that includes looking at, reviewing, and scheduling content when you have the time and are in the mental space to deal with it. And to make this even easier, consider setting up a separate email box just for your editorial management duties. That will allow you to compartmentalize and batch the work you do with your writers so you don’t get bogged down and pulled away from your other duties. Because I know that if you’re anything like me, you wear many hats and need to focus on different tasks at different times! Recommended Reading: The 101 Marketing Time Management Strategies You Need to Succeed Nail Your Editing Writing Techniques Being a decent writer is really the first thing you need to become an editor, but as you can see it’s not the ONLY thing. And while writing rules change over the course of time, there are several important ones that you should always look out for: Passive voice Apostrophe misuse Unclear/incorrect pronoun usage Fragments Extra/missing commas There are also always those pesky effect/affect issues, problems with semicolons, and the en-/em-dash debate. If you’re not clear on what you should be editing or simply want to brush up on your editorial chops, I recommend browsing Grammar Girl’s posts  or listening to her podcast. also has some editing tips  from the writing perspective that will help guide great content. It behooves you to review your expectations with writers from an editing perspective. It behooves you to review your expectations with writers from an editing perspective.Cut, Cut, and Cut Some More Many editors follow the 10-15% rule, which means that 10-15% of every article is superfluous and can be cut. Consider what pieces of your articles either don’t add value or are superfluous and get rid of them. Writing more for the sake of a word-count requirement is not effective, and generally lowers the quality of the piece. If you’re having trouble getting writers to produce enough about a certain topic, then they either don’t know the material or the topic is too narrow to be covered as an article. If the latter is the issue, try other types of media (like video) to explore that topic instead. #Editing Tip: Cut 10-15% from every article.Understand Leadership Relationship Management Fortunately (or unfortunately for some!), being a managing editor means you have to work on, well, managing people! That means that you have to refine your leadership and relationship skills, whether you like it or not. Managing relationships is a craft that must be fine-tuned over time, but I wanted to share some ideas that you can start implementing immediately to become a better manager. Managing relationships is a craft that must be fine-tuned over timeBe Honest About Approvals and Edits Everyone takes a different approach to being an editor. Some focus mostly on grammar, spelling, and general formatting edits. But some of the best editors are the ones who are really great at making sweeping edits within each piece of content to make it sound intelligent and cohesive. Let your writers know what sort of approach you like to take and how that will affect their final written product. This way, they can be prepared for the changes†¦ and their ego doesn’t run the risk of being bruised! Recommended Reading: How to Save 10 Hours a Month Like Convince Convert With Marketing Project Management Software Provide Ongoing Feedback No one likes to receive criticism, but you can lessen the blow of negative feedback by simply providing some  sort of feedback, both the good and the bad, every time. That way, your writer doesn’t fear hearing from you (which happens if you’re only getting in touch with bad news) and you’re able to put them in the position of receiving and implementing feedback on an ongoing basis. Now I know this puts more of a burden on your as the editor because it means you have to take the time to craft some feedback for each deliverable, but you don’t have to write an expose every time. Even a simple, â€Å"Great article, I loved those creative examples you used!† or, â€Å"Don’t forget to put compelling subheads to break up your text!† or something as basic as, â€Å"You ROCK!† keeps your writers engaged and gets them used to hearing from you as you build the relationship. Good editors give writers positive encouragement.Receive Ongoing Feedback The chances that your current editorial system is perfect are slim†¦ because nothing is perfect! Create a calendar for yourself where you’ll check in with your writers and ask them how it’s going. I recommend asking two simple questions: If you could change anything about our work together, what would it be? What new features, tools, or systems would you implement (if any) and why? These questions allow you to get to the point quickly and open up the dialogue faster than something like, â€Å"How is it going for you?† It also puts context around the ask and encourages writers to think critically about how they’re really feeling so they can be honest. Now, I caution to be careful not to lose sight of the fact that when you ask for feedback, you’ve got to be prepared to hear things you maybe didn’t want to hear or weren’t expecting. You’re in charge, so take each piece of feedback with a grain of salt, but I don’t recommend asking for feedback unless you’re prepared to listen and potentially make changes as a result. Don't ask for feedback unless you're prepared to listen.Provide Incentives for Great Work The worst thing in the world for a manager is losing a great team member. In order to encourage retention among the writers you love, consider finding creative ways to reward them for a job well done. Consider putting a rewards system in place where you celebrate the success of your team when original business goals are met. For example, if you had one breakout article that contributed to a massive increase in pageviews, give that writer something as a thank you. It doesn’t have to be in the form of monetary payment (although everyone loves a little salary bump once in awhile!), but it can be small things like: A â€Å"writer of the month† award A shoutout on social media A Starbucks (or other) gift card A homepage placement If the incentive requires a small monetary compensation, make sure to include that in your editorial budget so you can maintain the rewards program. Nurture the Relationship The hardest thing about being a freelancer is the lack of consistent work. At the same time, good writers have their pick of the crop when it comes to opportunities as the market for great content grows. In addition to providing some sort of small incentive program for your writers, don’t forget about the human element of working with them. Ask them about their day. Say happy birthday. See how their kid is doing after she was out with a cold. A little personal touch goes a long way, especially in what can be a lonely virtual existence as a writer. Recommended Reading: How to Write Great Content: 20 Tips from Famous Writers Pay Your Writers (and Pay Them Well!) Good writing is truly an art form. And the lack of education on clear communications and writing only makes that art form more valuable. The easiest way to encourage your writers to do good work for you is to compensate them fairly for their services. Now, I understand that many publications provide incredible exposure and that outweighs the prospect of a cash payment. However, the largest and smallest publications alike may consider securing a budget for their writers. This helps develop loyalty among writers and keeps them coming back for more, which is really what you want in this day and age where â€Å"writers† are a dime a dozen, but finding great writers is like finding a needle in a haystack. Finding great writers is like finding a needle in a haystack.So, there you have it! You see, managing freelance writers isn’t just about knowing how to edit and set deadlines. It’s about truly understanding business objectives, having a detailed process, and perhaps above all else, developing great, lasting relationship with the people you work with. What has made you successful (or unsuccessful) in managing your writers (and yourself!) throughout the editorial process? I’d love to hear what’s working for you or answer any questions you have.

Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Banking - Essay Example Although a preferred means of solving the inherent challenges in the current banking industry, the reality is that it has its own disadvantages, as discussed in this essay. According to economists, there are a number of benefits of banks consolidation. One of these advantages is increased efficiency in the banking sector. Consolidation eliminates geographical restrictions in the banking industry, exposing it to high levels of competition, driving out all inefficient banks from the industry. This is not the only way of ensuring efficiency in the banking sector; moving to larger banking organizations too increases their levels of efficiency due to economies of scale and scope of work. Since consolidation increased the diversification of the loan portfolios by banks, thus lowering the probability of a future banking crisis. Mergers and acquisitions in the banking industry are economical, providing banks with an opportunity to minimize their expenditures. In the event of a merger, there is closure of overlapping branches, laying off any unnecessary staff, and sale of unwanted capital goods, thus minimizing some of the operational expenditures while at the same time creating some of income for the bank. Merging also increases sales volumes of banks’ products, especially when done from a central branch. One of the major advantages of consolidation in the banking sector is market diversification, creating new geographical markets. With these new markets is an increase in business revenues. Bank mergers additionally create stronger market power, changing the pricing offered by the banks. Although argued as a means of beating the inherent operation problems in the industry, consolidation faces a myriad of drawbacks. Critics of this form of banking fear on the elimination of the smaller banks from the banking industry due to acquisitions. Not only do the investors lose in such instances; small businesses too lose their source of funding. Large business organizatio ns seek funding from large banks while small businesses seek for funding from the small banks. If large banks acquire the small banks in an effort to minimize competition, small businesses lose their source of funding. If this trend persists, the banking industry risks suffering from domination by a few banks. This makes the banking industry less competitive, reducing the quality of services provided to the customers. Some of the economists however argue that this does not have any significant effects on the industry, since there is freedom of entry into the market, and thus balances the equation of competition. Differences in the working cultures of the merging banks could lead to failure of these mergers. In their initial stages of merge, different businesses suffer from increased operational costs, for instance resultant from communication differences. Although experts argue on the efficiency of creating bank mergers, the reality is that when a merger takes place, managers face m ore vast and complicated organizations, exceeding their usual capacity. They may lack the essential expertise required in the field, reducing such bank’s efficiency. Some of the experts argue that the creation of stronger markets provides the banks with an opportunity to exploit their customers. Strong markets mean that there are reduced

E-Logistics and International supply Chain Management Essay - 1

E-Logistics and International supply Chain Management - Essay Example Furthermore, industries are driving towards landscape that is defined as flat one by Thomas Friedman. Thomas Friedman declared that era of multinational corporations or the era of globalization 1.0 especially in high tech industries is on the verge of passing away. Similarly, there is a major shift in the aero-strategy and the systems with which the aircrafts are conceived, planned, produced, and supported have changed considerably. The new era defined as globalization 2.0 is the era of horizontal specialization with tight integrations of specialized original equipment manufacturer (OEM) (AIAC, 2009). With this the new era of globalization in the aerospace industry, 320-hectare Seletar Aerospace Park of Singapore has managed to attract the considerable investment from the aerospace manufacturers across the world as reported in the Financial times recently published article (Grant, 2014). Among leading investors include leading aerospace industry giant Rolls Royce and the supply chain perspective for Rolls Royce in Singapore’s aerospace hub forms the central idea of this paper. This paper is based on the assessment of factors that drove Rolls Royce towards Singapore and its potential challenges in place; while concluding with, action to overcome challenges. The aerospace industry, including the defense and commercial industry, accounted for $695 billion in the year 2012 with four percent increases from 2011. The annual operating profits $59.8 billion and 8.6% annual profit margin (PwC, 2013a). According to another project in reference from past trend, the future is projected as follows: According to Capgemini (2011) the demand drivers of the industry is the reviving economies while, at the same time, growth in demand from the middle-east, China and India have been offsetting the slowed demand from developed part of the world. The major factor driving demand includes the rising low cost carrier pattern trends specifically in the developing countries.

Canadian v.s. American Healthcare System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Canadian v.s. American Healthcare System - Essay Example In Canada, the single layer healthcare system seems to deliver outcomes, which are more positive, explaining why members of the public have exhibited preferences for it. There is a salient need for both countries to provide their citizens with reliable access to quality health care as well as preventive health care services. However, the multi-layer healthcare system in the United States has presented certain disadvantages that serve as barriers to the delivery of quality health care and access to health care services when needed. On the other hand, the single layer system in Canada has received an appraisal for its fairness and efficiency, ensuring that all the citizens can have access to health care services. This paper will compare the Canadian healthcare system with the American health care system. The paper will place emphasis on the fact that the Canadian single layer system is more effective and has a more desirable outcome than the American health care system. There has been an increasing controversy over the increasing number of uninsured people in the United States. The American government seeks to develop strategies for reducing the number of uninsured people and ensuring that every American has access to quality health care. However, the reforms made in the healthcare sector do not match the efficiency presented by the Canadian single-tier health care system. The United States operates on a multi-layer healthcare system. The multi-layer healthcare system depends entirely on employment. Only some layers of the healthcare system are government sponsored. The greatest providers of health care insurance in the United States are private companies. Many critics have described the American health care insurance system as privately owned. On the other hand, the Canadian health care system is publicly owned. A close analysis of the Canadian system reveals that it is a universal insurance coverage offered by provincial health insurance plans. B oth the federal

Mechanisms that Lead to Dynamic Self-organization

Mechanisms that Lead to Dynamic Self-organization SELF-ORGANIZATION AND GROWTH OF NANOSTRUCTURED BRANCHED CRYSTAL PATTERN IN BELOUSOV-ZHABOTINSKY TYPE CHEMICAL REACTIONS ROHIT SRIVASTAVA, M.Phil. 1. Introduction The self-assembly of structural motifs and the self-organization of dynamic motifs into highly ordered one-, two-, or three-dimensional patterns with controlled structures have received much attention in recent years, because of their importance in basic research and their potential applications [1,2]. The spontaneous formation of nano-scale patterns represents a significant way to control the structure and morphology of various functional materials [3,4]. This area is of significant interest because of its possible relevance in improving the materials properties. It can be achieved readily by organizing the nanostructure building blocks by reacting chemical systems over a broad spectrum of space and time [5]. The recent application of nonlinear chemical phenomena has been found in the designing of modern materials of advanced functionality [6-8]. The reacting chemical systems have also been found useful to fabricate and design of diverse optoelectronic nano-devices and nano-catalyst s. The role of self-organization has been exemplified to control the orders and hierarchy of such intricate patterns [9-12]. Self-organization, based on interplay between reactions and diffusion, has been found to occur in a range of physical and chemical systems. The recent development of non-equilibrium crystallization phenomena enables one to forms spontaneous, coherent, and periodic patterns which are accompanied by molecular interactions. Among the different nanostructures, the dendritic, diffusion-limited-aggregation (DLA) and spherulitic crystal patterns are attracting the attention of scientific community due to their importance in connection to some fractal growth phenomena and crystallography research [13-15]. The growth of dendritic crystals is also an example which mimics several pattern-forming phenomena encountered in nature and biology. The aim of our research is to understand the mechanisms that lead to dynamic self-organization in nature in order to anticipate the development of some interesting bio-inspired materials and devices that function far from equilibrium. The present research is also helpful to understand, design and control chemical systems that exhibit complex, non-linear, dynamical behavior in time and space. These behaviors include periodic oscillations, chaos, wave propagation and pattern formation. Such system may provide some insights into related phenomena encountered in biology, physics, mathematics, polymer and material science. The Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction provides a classical platform for investigation of these phenomena. The work described here is an experimental study of growth of nanostructured branched crystal patterns by utilizing three different types of BZ systems. In liquid phase, we observed the reaction system to result into well distinguishable intermediate spatial patter ns leading to the formation of DLA and spherulitic structures as the final product. The oscillatory behavior, exhibited by UV-Visible spectroscopy, was found to be interrelated to the DLA and spherulitic structures formed in the BZ system. On the basis of these results, a general mechanism for the synchronized formation of the ordered DLA and spherulitic structures is proposed. In another chemical system chaotic oscillations have been observed experimentally in dual–frequency oscillator o-Hydroxyacetophenone–cerium–bromate–sulphuric acid (OAP–Ce4+– BrO3−–H2SO4) in CSTR. 2. Scope of the study . Recently there has been increasing interest in fractal and self-organized nanostructured branched crystal growth phenomenon under non-equilibriums conditions. Laplacian growth phenomenon in pattern formation has attracted considerable attention.. DLA and spherulitic crystal patterns have also been observed in various crystallization phenomena usually at far from equilibrium conditions, such as electrodeposition, bacterial colonies, colloidal aggregates, dendrite formation, viscous fingering, and many others. Our research interests are to elucidate the mechanistic aspects of aggregation in macromolecules related to the biological pattern formation. The growth of nanostructured dendritic crystals is also a profound example among a wide range of pattern-forming phenomena in nature and biology. The study of chemical and biological pattern and their shapes have considerable current interest due to its close resemblance with morphology of growing bodies. Irreversible aggregation of small particles to form large clusters is technologically and scientifically important. Far from, equilibrium growth phenomena have been reported in electrochemical deposition, physicochemical and biological systems. The study of chemical waves, rhythmic crystallization in gel media and crystal growth, will be helpful in understanding morphological stability of growing bodies. 3. Objectives The present study includes the objectives systematically, from following angles To investigate new types of multiple patterns in mixed organic substrate of Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. To investigate stationary-like spatial patterns in dual organic substrate of a micro-emulsion system. To study the transition from stripe to hexagonal spatial pattern by varying the temperature and concentration of the BZ reactants. To study the growth of nanostructured DLA and spherulitic crystal pattern in BZ type oscillatory chemical reaction. To study the chemistry of undertaken BZ reactions and proposed the reaction mechanism. To study the entertainment phenomena between co-existing oscillators and continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR). To study the dynamics of the spatiotemporal pattern formation by varying the chemical and physical parameters. To elucidate the role of reaction-diffusion mechanism and self-organization process for the growth and morphological study of predictable crystal patterns with help of various analytical methods. 4. Organization of thesis The organization of thesis has been classified into following chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the thesis. This chapter outlines, in brief, self-organization in nonlinear chemical dynamics and its relation with the material science. The work conducted and presented as part of this thesis rely upon previous research conducted across a broad range of scientific disciplines; which include an understanding of the concept of nonlinear chemical dynamics; the nonlinear reaction kinetics of the BZ reaction; and materials science. In this context, the workflow of the thesis is outlined in this chapter. One of the initial objectives of the research was to become familiar with the chemistry of the BZ system, with a particular interest in identifying the reaction parameters that control and affect the types of patterns that are formed. Pattern formation and chemical chaos in the BZ system was studied individually in different systems. Chapter 2 provides the literature survey from the historical background of the BZ reaction to recent development in pattern formation in oscillatory reaction media. This chapter includes the following subheadings. Historical background of the BZ reaction Oscillatory chemical reaction and chemical chaos Patterns and wave Substitutes of the BZ reaction Recent development in pattern formations in oscillatory reaction media Chapter 3 describes the detailed experimental procedure adopted for the growth of self-organized nanostructured spherulitic patterns and their morphological investigation in combination of dual substrates (adipic acid and acetyl acetone) and dual catalysts (cerium and ferroin) by utilizing a number of characterization techniques e.g. optical microscopy (OPM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The oscillatory behavior was also investigated by using UV-Visible spectroscopy. On the basis of these results clues are sought for explaining the observed growth of nanostructured spherulitic patterns inlight of self-organization phenomenon. Chapter 4 deals with the detailed experimental procedure for the growth of self-organized nanostructured diffusion-limited-aggregation (DLA) crystal patterns. The DLA crystal patterns were characterized OPM, SEM, TEM, XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The oscillatory behavior, exhibited by UV-Visible spectroscopy, was found to be interrelated to the DLA structures formed in the reaction system. This chapter elucidates the roles of the various possible factors behind such phase-transformation along with the plausible explanation of the corresponding reaction pathways. Chapter 5 furnishes the detailed experimental procedure and analysis for the growth of nanostructured DLA patterns in microemulsion consisting of water, styrene, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTACl), potassium persulfate (PS) and oscillating Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reactant. The chapter describes the analysis of formation of a variety of spatiotemporal patterns viz. concentric wave, spatial (stripe) and chaotic pattern in the used BZ reaction system and has employed TEM, XRD and particle size analyzer to study the morphology, crystallinity and particle size of the associated structure formed. Chapter 6 of the thesis represents the detailed experimental procedure and associated studies for the investigation of chaotic oscillations observed experimentally in dual–frequency oscillator. Chapter 7 is the conclusion, which summarizes the research findings and also provides a future perspective of the work undertaken. References M. Antonietti, Nat. Mater., 2 (2003) 9. H. Cà ¶lfen, S. Mann, Angew. Chem., 115 (2003) 2452. J. P. Gollub and J. S. Langer, Rev. Mod. Phys. 71 (1999) 5396. H-J Freund, Surf. Science. 500 (2002) 271. T. A. Witten, L. M. Sander, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47 (1981) 1400. I. Das, N. Goel, N. R. Agrawal, S. K. Gupta, J. Phys. Chem. B, 114 (2010) 12888. I. Das, R. Choudhary, S. K. Gupta, P. Agrawal, The Phys. Chem. B, 115 (2011) 8724. I. Das, N. R. Agrawal, R. Choudhary, S. K. Gupta, Fractals, 19 (2011) 317. Gao-Ren Li, Xi-Hong Lu, Dun-Lin Qu, Chen-Zhong Yao, Fu-lin Zheng, Qiong Bu, Ci- Ren Dawa and Ye-Xiang Tong, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111 (2007) 6678. K. Fukami, S. Nakanishi, H. Yamasaki, T. Tada, K. Sonoda, N. Kamikawa, N. Tsuji, H. Sakaguchi, Y. Nakato, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111 (2007) 1150. A. Volford, F. Izsak, M. Ripszam, I. Lagzi, Langmuir, 23 (2007) 961. T. Wamg, An-Wu Xu, H. Colfen, Angew. Chemie, 45, (2006) 4451. N. Yadav, P.K. Srivastava, New. J. Chem., 35 (2011) 1080. N. Yadav, P.K. Srivastava, Cryst. Res. Tech., 46 (2011) 277. N. Yadav, S. S. Majhi, P. K. Srivastava, Bullen. Korean. Chem. Soc., 33 (2012) 3397. List of publications Rohit Srivastava* and P.K. Srivastava, Self-organized nanostructured spherulitic crystal pattern formation in Belousov-Zhabotinsky type reaction system, Chemical Physics, 426 (2013) 59-73. Rohit Srivastava*, P.K. Srivastava and Jayeeta Chattopadhayay, Choas in a chemical system, European Physical Journal Special Topic, 222 (2013) 777-783. Rohit Srivastava*,Jayeeta Chattopadhyay, P.K. Srivastava, Narendra Yadav, Growth of nanostructured Diffusion-Limited-Aggregation (DLA)-Grass like branched patterns in a Belousov-Zhabotinskii (BZ ) type reaction system, International Journal of Chemistry, 34 (2013) 1119. Rohit Srivastava and P.K. Srivastava, Multiple pattern in mixed substrate BZ system, Chemistry Journal, 2 (2013) 44. Rohit Srivastava*, and P.K. Srivastava Self-organized nanostructured Diffusion-Limited-Aggregation (DLA) crystal pattern formation and morphological transition in BZ type reaction system, New Journal of Chemistry (Under review), 2014. Rohit Srivastava* and P.K. Srivastava, Nanostructured Diffusion-Limited-Aggregation (DLA) crystal pattern formation governed by spatial pattern in reactive microemulsion system, J. Nanostru. Chem. (Springer Publishing) (In press), 2014. Conference Publications: Rohit Srivastava and P.K. Srivastava †Chaos in a chemical system† Proceed. 7th National conference on Nonlinear Systems and Dynamics (NCNSD), Organized by Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, (12-15 July, 2012). Rohit Srivastava and P.K. Srivastava † Self-organized nanostructured Diffusion-Limited-Aggregation (DLA) crystal pattern formation in Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) type reaction system† Proceed. 8th National conference on Nonlinear Systems and Dynamics (NCNSD), Organized by Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT Indore) Indore (12-15 December, 2013).